1.1
Reagents:
N-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone
Solvents:
Water
;
0 °C
1.2
0 °C → -60 °C
1.3
Reagents:
1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine
;
-50 °C; 1 h, -55 - -50 °C; -55 °C → -40 °C
1.4
Reagents:
Hydrogen
Catalysts:
Palladium
Solvents:
Water
;
1 h, 70 psi, rt
1.5
Reagents:
Sodium hydroxide
;
< pH 9, 70 psi, 5 °C
1.6
Reagents:
Carbon dioxide
,
N-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone
;
< pH 9, 70 psi, < 15 °C
1.7
Reagents:
Carbon dioxide
Solvents:
N-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone
;
pH 8, 70 psi, 5 °C; 30 h, 5 °C → 20 °C; 2 h, pH 7, 20 °C; 20 °C → 5 °C