1.1
Reagents:
P,P,P′,P′-Tetrakis(phenylmethyl) (diphosphate)
,
Tetrabutylammonium chloride
Solvents:
Ethyl acetate
;
rt → 0 °C; > 20 °C
1.2
Reagents:
Formic acid
Catalysts:
Palladium
Solvents:
Methanol
,
Water
;
10 h, rt
1.3
Reagents:
Sodium hydroxide
Solvents:
Water
;
pH 12, rt; 4 h, rt → 80 °C